Kozhevnikov Ivan

1 Introductory part

Introduction

    Grinding - the basic method of fair processing of metals also occupies a foreground in modern mechanical engineering.
    Grinding provides a split-hair accuracy of details and cleanliness of their surfaces in many respects defining wear resistance of surfaces and durability of details, and also reliability and rapidity of all mechanism as a whole.

Work urgency

    The analysis of efficiency of application of grinding circles shows that, despite a wide circulation, they only partially use the potential possibilities. One of principal causes of such position is disorder of the form and orientation of abrasive grains in a body of the given tools. Any form and arrangement of grains in a body of circles, as consequence, form any and adverse geometry of their cutting microwedges. As a result the part of grains does not participate in general or takes weak part in cumulative process of microcutting. The disorder form and orientation of grains form also defects of structure of grinding circles and, as consequence, reduce their durability and admissible speed of work. Orientation of grains in grinding circles open prospect of increase of physicomechanical and cutting properties of these tools and, therefore, are an actual problem.

The work purpose

    The work purpose consists in increase of operational possibilities of grinding circles on the basis of use of grains with controllable orientation.
    The primary goal of work: increase of cutting properties of grinding circles.

2 Theoretical part

The basic methods of grinding

    The basic methods of grinding of metals:
    1. The external round:
    1) with longitudinal (axial) giving;
    2) with cross-section giving;
    3) the eccentric.
    2. Internal
    1) with longitudinal giving;
    2) the planetary.
    3. Flat
    1) circle periphery;
    2) a circle end face.
    4. Special.

The general data on orientation of grains

    Quality and accuracy of the processed surface, productivity of process and processing cost are substantially defined by cutting properties of the applied tool, its firmness. Now requirements to finishing operations, and in particular to operations on which superfirm abrasive materials are applied, have so increased that the further perfection of process of abrasive processing is impossible without improvement of quality of the applied tool, the further development of the theory of abrasive processing, without deep studying of physical essence of occurring processes.

    Cutting properties of separate grains of abrasive tools, especially diamond and эльборовых circles, are used insufficiently effectively. Classification of grain by the form allows to raise efficiency of their use.
    Abrasive ability and mechanical durability depend on the grain form force of its coupling with a sheaf. To raise cutting properties and wear resistance of a circle it is possible at the expense of correct orientation of its grains, especially if they are classified under the form and have the extended form. The focused grains resist to destruction and вырыву from a sheaf thanks to stronger fastening is better.

    Abrasive ability and mechanical durability depend on the grain form force of its coupling with a sheaf. To raise cutting properties and wear resistance of a circle it is possible at the expense of correct orientation of its grains, especially if they are classified under the form and have the extended form. The focused grains resist to destruction thanks to stronger fastening is better.
    Orientation can be carried out in electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields.

Animation

3 Final part

Conclusions

    Researches of grinding of steels by grinding circles with the focused grains has shown that the size of a deleted material has increased approximately by 20 %.
    The major factors providing increase of efficiency of grinding at the expense of orientation of grains in a circle, reduction of a negative forward corner of a cutting profile of grains and increase in their quantity by a working surface of a circle are.

The literature

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    3. Справочник технолога-машиностроителя. В 2-х т. Т.2/Под ред. А.Г. Косиловой и Р.К. Мещерякова. - М.: Машиностроение, 1985. - С. 496.
    4. Лёб Л. Статическая электризация/перевод с английского В.М. Фридкина. - М.-Л.: Госэнергоиздат, 1963. - С. 408.
    5. Электрические явленияя и активационные воздействия в технологии бетона./В.А. Матвиенко, С.М. Толчин - Макеевка: 1998. - С. 154.
    6. Зайцев А.Г. Влияние расположения алмазных зерен на процесс шлифования твердого сплава. - Вест. Машиностроения, 1977, №8. - С. 71-72.
    7. Зайцев А.Г. Влияние ориентированного расположенияалмазных зерен на процесс шлифования. - В кн.: Материалы VI междунар. конф. Intergrind-79. Будапешт, 1979. - С. 737-742.
    8. Поиск на портале - Абразивы и шлифование. Виды связок. [Электронный ресурс] - Режим доступа к статье: http://abrasiveworld.akptech.ru/catalog/cat-bonds.html
    9. Поиск на портале - Абразивный инструмент. Отрезные круги. Шлифовальные круги. [Электронный ресурс] - Режим доступа к статье: http://www.abrasio.info/shlif.html
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