• УДК 681.80.61 К ВОПРОСУ О ВНЕДРЕНИИ СИСТЕМ АВТОМАТИЧЕСКОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ПРИ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИИ ТЕПЛОВОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ.

Authors: Priests А.l., ass.; Sedljar A.V., diss/index; Podoksenova D.A., the student.

Now the subject warmly consumption inhabited and public houses which makes more than 60-80 % of all produced for the purposes of a heat supply of energy is very actual. As a source of a heat supply in Donetsk regional boiler-houses (85 % of total thermal loading) serve. As against the big boiler-houses of the centralized heat supply, manufacturing of heat in fine boiler-houses and furnaces demand the big expenses of unqualified job and assists the important environmental contamination.

In comparison with small boiler-houses the centralized heat supply from regional boiler-houses provides economy of fuel and expenses of job at manufacturing thermal energy, however, on the other hand, and assists increase in losses of heat at its(her) transportation and distribution. Besides at the centralized heat supply the important non-uniformity of a heat supply which is expressed in перегреве separate houses, in particular during the warm period of a cold season called by that is observed, that uniform thermal networks serve consumers with diverse loading (heating, hot water supply, ventilation) which demand different schedules of submission of heat. Has overheated houses, as a rule, it is reduced by superfluous airing premises which results in loss of thermal energy with unfiltration air and cuts an opportunity of useful use of the given surpluses.

As the conclusion should be noted, that at performance of the general program on automation of process of manufacture and distribution of thermal energy the effect from its introduction would have global character at rather minimal expenses and except for economic benefit the level of comfort has raised using the centralized systems of heating, ventilation and hot water supply.

• АНАЛИЗ ВЫБРОСОВ КОТЛОАГРЕГАТА С ЦИРКУЛИРУЮЩИМ КИПЯЩИМ СЛОЕМ ПРИ АТМОСФЕРНОМ ДАВЛЕНИИ

Authors: A.J.Motroshilov, D.A.Podoksenova, E.K.Safonova

Donetsk national technical university

The basic sources of allocation of polluting substances in an atmosphere on Старобешевской ТЭС are котлоагрегаты.

Under certain conditions there is a local increase in pollution of a ground layer of an atmosphere in the zones removed on significant distances as a result of long-distance carries of emissions. In products of combustion of organic fuel Starobeshevska TES contaminate atmospheric air firm particles – a dust inorganic with maintenance SiO are priority oxide sulfur, nitrogen, carbon, pentoxide vanadium,₂ – 20-70 %.

So emissions make:

-        oxide nitrogen 27719,3;

-        dioxide sulfur 206001;

-        a dust inorganic with maintenance SiO₂ – 20-70 % 186819,1.

At reconstruction of a thermal power station existing boiler unit replacement is planned for more modern, with circulating boiling layer (АTCKS).

Thereof the analysis has shown, that concentration of emissions of polluting substances in an atmosphere after boiler ATSKS will make:

NO_X – 200 mg / nmeters³;

SO₂ – 200 mg / nmeters³;

CO – 250 mg / nmeters³.

Reduction in concentration of emissions oxide nitrogen in an atmosphere is reached at the expense of optimization of process of burning: step burning of fuel at low temperature of burning.

Reduction in concentration of emissions oxide sulfur in an atmosphere is reached by controllable addition in топку limestone which quantity is supervised in a separate contour of management. The achieved factor sulfur sanitation makes about 98 % for a guarantee range fuel, that is at the maintenance of 3 % on dry ashless the rest. In view of the maintenance of water and ashes the parameter of the maintenance of sulfur makes approximately 1,5 % in the mixed fuel.

Higher level of concentration of emissions CO in an atmosphere of boiler ATSKS in comparison with the boiler with torch burning fuel is caused by low temperature of burning of fuel which is optimum for process desulfination and the minimal education oxide nitrogen.

Reduction in concentration of emissions CO in an atmosphere probably:

-        at increase in temperature in топке, that inevitably conducts to increase in concentration of emissions NO_X  and SO₂ with additional consumption of limestone;

-        at the expense of submission of additional air, that in turn conducts to the additional charge of fuel (to increase in a stream of ashes and increase in concentration WITH).

Value of concentration of emissions WITH in an atmosphere from boiler ATSKS equal 250 mg / nmeters³ is the conciliatory proposal, as thus of value of concentration of emissions NO_X and SO₂ are minimal.

Clearing of smoke gases of firm particles of flying ashes on an output from котлоагрегата is provided in highly effective dust extractor-fugitiveness.