Dryuk
Ann

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AUTHOR’S ABSTRACT OF THE MASTER'S THESIS

INTRODUCTION

Energy conservationn has become very important presently. Heat-insulation – one of the conservation heat decisions, decrease harmful effects on the environment. Heat-insulation should be efficient and cost-effective.

URGENCY

Internal and external heat-insulation use to save energy. Questions of interoperability of modern heat-insulation from the environment, searching for materials that will meet environmental requirements and the requirements of social comfort are extremely important. The external insulation must be protected from the adverse effects of weather.

Heat-insulation – an integral part of modern power, so its selection and use are important problems that requires solutions.

OBJECTIVES AND PROBLEMS

The main objective of master's work - the efficiency of internal and external heat-insulation use for the different types of buildings research and development of recommendations of its use. It is also necessary to determine what warming more effectively: internal or external.

OVERVIEW OF RESEARCHES

During the cold season as a result of differences inside and outside temperatures there is a transfer of heat from the building into the environment. The transfer of heat is carried out of building structures and the penetration of air through the seams, joints, loose windows, doors. This heat is lost (heat loss).

Heat loss from buildings depends on:

• its geometrical dimensions;
• thermal properties of building structures;
• temperature of inside and outside air;
• permeability of joints, length of opening parts of windows and doors.

Influence on heat loss values characterizing the thermal condition of the building, as well as wind speed, humidity of internal and external air, solar radiation and other meteorological factors.

Insulation, which has a large impact on humidity regime fence, is used to reduce heat loss. Improperly installed insulation can lead to a decrease in the sanitary characteristics of the wall and the entire room, causing a significant increase in humidity, so it is important to insulate the premises in order to avoid adverse effects.

At internal wall insulation, which is located in front of a heater, is in a zone of negative temperatures, which partly captures and proper insulation. Natural diffusion of water vapors is broken, and conditions for the formation of condensate in the interior design at the border and wall insulation are created.

At internal insulation is practically impossible to install heat-insulation material in the ground floor junction to the outer wall. Here "cold bridges" are formed, where it is lost heat.

At external insulation temperature drop over the thickness of the wall is slowly and smoothly. A sharp drop in temperature, the closer to the outer side, and a zone of negative temperatures is located deep in extra layer of insulation.

The location of the dense material inside, but light and porous outside favorable influences on humidity regime walls and does not create conditions for the accumulation of moisture in it. If the insulation material is protected from atmospheric influences, the wall keeps the high heat-shielding properties.

From the standpoint of maintaining normal temperature and humidity external insulation is best. However, this process differs the raised complexity and labour input.

It should be noted that in the master's work, I paid attention as:

• market review of modern heat-insulation;
• advantages and disadvantages of internal and external heat-insulation of protecting designs;
• the definition of cost-effectiveness of different types of insulation in various types of buildings;
• development of recommendations for the use of external and internal insulation.

It is nessesary to notice that my master’s work is not ready yet, so the above material can be changed. It will be corrected, supplemented, explored in more detail.