Plaksin Ivan
Faculty of Economics
Department of Economics Enterprise
Speciality: "Management of innovative activity"
The financially economic ground of innovative processes
Scientific adviser: Doctor of Economic Science Hobta Valentina
Abstract
Table of Contents
- Relevance topic
- Goals and objectives of the study
- Object and subject of study
- Main material
- Conclusion
- References
- Goals and objectives of the study
Actuality
Innovative processes play an important role in the economy of the state. In Ukraine, the amount of innovation are unsatisfactory. With limited financial resources, the process becomes relevant financial and economic feasibility of innovation, increase their efficiency. Problems of economic and financial processes are devoted to providing innovative research of many well–known domestic and foreign academic economists, namely British scientists Des Derlou, Drucker, P., Edvardesa Warren Kyaran Walsh Mindelo LE, Stefik Stefika Barbara and Mark, Santo B. Twiss, B., Foster, R., Freeman, C., J. Schumpeter, as well as domestic: Valdaitsev SV, VP Vorobyov, Heyets VM, Gromek VI Kabakov VS, Kravchenko, SI, NI Lapin, V. Novitsky, Onishko SV, Popovic VP Seminozhenko VP, Skrypnyck AV Khobta VM, MV Schurika And others. However, some problems of classification of sources of financing, development of state support, establish and improve and enhance innovation processes are still not well covered and require theoretical and practical solutions.
Aims and tasks
The purpose of deepening the study of theory and practical improvement of methodological aspects of the organization and rationale of innovation processes in the enterprise.
To achieve the goal in the work necessary to achieve the following objectives: to determine the nature and characteristics of the innovation process to analyze the major trends in the field of innovation activity in Ukraine and in the world, both at the level of individual companies as well as at the state level to analyze the problems of formation and development of innovation , their typology and sources of funding, establish methods for assessing the financial support of innovation processes in Ukraine do the analysis tools of public management innovation, explore domestic investment and domestic competitiveness, as a condition for innovation, improvement recommendations to improve the quality of innovative projects to improve the methods of financial and economic study of innovation processes, the creation of conditions for further commercial use of innovation.
Object and article of research
The object of the work are the processes of financial and economic feasibility of innovation.
The subject of the study – the methods and principles of the study of innovation processes.
Main material
Strengthen and improve the efficiency of innovation processes requires deepening the investigation of the essence and characteristics of innovation.
Innovation (English) – formed from two words – Latin for "innovation" (novelty, innovation) and the English prefix "in", which means "in", "administration". Therefore, in English the word "innovation" means the introduction of a new recovery. The result of innovation process innovations, and their introduction into business practices is defined as innovation, that is, since the adoption of the spread of innovation acquires a new quality and innovation becomes.
Thus, an innovation – an innovation is related to scientific and technical progress and which consists in the restoration of capital and technology to improve the management and business economics. Innovation is essential to the development of production, improve the quality and quantity of new products and services.
Usually attributed to the innovation process as an interrelated and coherent set of operations which is to move innovations from idea to product, technology, which are distributed and used in the business. An important innovative aspect of the process is that it is not interrupted even after the introduction, because of the innovation (innovation) each time improves, it becomes more effective, acquires new consumer properties and characteristics. This is what creates for it new uses, new markets and new customers. The innovation process can be viewed as a complex sequence of actions that result in an innovation developed from an idea to a particular product and is distributed in practical use.
Due to the fact that innovation is a great variety of objects, sources of financing, implementation tools necessary to carry out a classification that would better distinguish between different types of innovation.
There are many classifications of innovative processes developed by domestic and foreign authors. At the same time as the most important attributes often considered the degree of novelty, scope, nature of use, prescription and others. In addition, specialists even for a single indication identify different types of innovation. Thus, according to the scope of the distinguished economic, organizational, technological, trade and social innovation, technical and social.
Depending on the depth of change, some authors commit to radical innovation (basic), improving, and dirty (individual).
Given the areas of innovation can be technological, industrial, economic, commercial, social, organizational, etc.
For reasons of occurrence of innovations divided into reactive and strategic. Rockets – is innovation that ensure the survival of the company in a competitive environment. They appear as a reaction to the new transformation from competitors, thanks to their firm could continue to exist in the market. Strategic Innovation – this innovation, the introduction of which is anticipatory order to gain competitive advantages in the long term.
By the nature of the needs that are met, innovation can be targeted to the needs of existing or creation of new ones.
At the heart of the innovation process is the creation, deployment and diffusion of innovations, which are the necessary features of scientific and technical innovation, their practical application and commercial feasibility in order to meet the new needs of society. Of course, the world of innovation is not limited to the techniques and technologies. Improvements, changes of management and organization of production processes is also done through the introduction of innovations. New organizational structures, methods development management decisions, forms of incentives are developed by scientists, experts, mastered and implemented as well as new equipment, process lines and equipment. New models of clothing, services, new organizational forms – all this is the result of innovative processes that develop on the basis of certain principles: first recognized the need for change, defines the purpose, developing innovation, is absorbed, distributed, used and "dying".
The innovation process can be considered as a means of satisfying social needs on the basis of the introduction of science and technology. Thus, it is important office in the innovation process of these two aspects. Fig. 3. the general scheme of the innovation process, with the advantage that the above–mentioned aspects.
Fig. 3 Scheme of the innovation process
Simple innovative process moves into market in two phases:
• The first – the creation of the innovation;
The first phase – the consequent stages of research, development work, the organization of pilot production and marketing of innovative products.
The first phase include the dissemination of information about a new product through information and communication channels.
At the second stage, the spread of innovations in the new environment and new places of use. As a result of the second phase increases as the number of manufacturers of innovative product and its consumers. The rapid spread of innovation needed infrastructure.
Enhanced inter–institutional innovation process manifests itself in violation of the monopoly of the inventor of the first innovations in education and its new production, promotes competition and improve the quality of the invented product or technology services.
Regarding the structure of the innovation process, it is complex and depends on the specifics of each individual business. As the innovation process is an innovation of the enterprise as a whole, the organization depends on its implementation of the full range of innovative research.
Innovation processes in the enterprise, as well as any other processes that require financial support. The question of funding – the definition of the necessary volumes of funds, their sources and destinations within clearly defined boundaries and the subjects of innovation. It occurs due to the operation of the relevant organizational and economic mechanism.
Financial support of innovative processes based on these common principles:
– A clear target orientation of financial support, ie ensure rapid and effective use of modern innovation;
– Consistency, validity and legal protection techniques and tools that are used at the same time;
– Complexity, ie ability to reach a wide range of technical and technological innovations on the directions of their use;
– Adaptability and flexibility requires a constant focus of financial support to maintain maximum efficiency.
The implementation of the above principles can be successful if the financial mechanism of activation of innovation economic development of the country, that is a set of methods and instruments of the financial impact on the development of innovative processes.
Innovative activity today is costly, due to the high research intensity of innovative products. Even large corporations do not always have enough money to self–finance the creation and implementation of a new product or service. Every company or organization must develop an optimal strategy for funding and timely provision of income funds during the period of their implementation.
The essence of financial security is to allocate a certain amount of financial resources, while establishing their sources of funding for projects, activities, events innovation enterprises.
Innovative planning process involves determining the amount of funds required for the implementation of all kinds of innovation and evaluation capacity of the enterprise to accumulate them in the time frame that match the life cycle of innovation.
Conclusions
Summing up the study of international practice in innovation processes, it is worth noting the very real possibility of certain achievements in domestic practice, the use of IP in economic exchange. It is clear that the development of intellectual property market – the process is complex and lengthy. Thus, the notion of knowledge–based economy is a relatively new even for countries with developed market relations, which preceded the formation of knowledge–based economy difficult and controversial stage in the development of market economy in general. Ukraine still needs to go through a difficult path full of innovation economy, and in this way the international experience can be a useful material for creating your own original model of economic development.
References
- Андросова, Череп; Харів; Покропивний; Балабанова Л.В. Маркетинг: Підручник. – Донецьк, 2002 – С.562
- Економіка та організація інноваційної діяльності: Навч.–метод. посібник для самост. вивч. дисц. / І. А. Павленко, Н. П. Гончарова, Г. О Швиданенко. – К.: КНЕУ, 2002. – 150 с.
- Микитюк П.П. Інноваційний менеджмент: Навчальний посібник. – Тернопіль: Економічна думка, 2006. – 295 с.
- Волков О. І., Денисенко М. П., Гречан А. П. та ін. Економіка та організація інноваційної діяльності : підручник (третє вид.) / О. І. Волков, М. П. Денисенко, А. П. Гречан та ін. – К. : Центр учб. л–ри, 2007. – С. 442–483.
- Едвардес, Уоррен. Ключові фінансові інструменти : пер. з англ. – К. : Всеувито ; Наук. думка, 2003 (Сер. “Усе про менеджмент”). – С. 45–50.
- Инновационный менеджмент / под ред. П. Н. Завлина, А. К. Казанцева, Л. Э. Миндели. – М. : ЦИСТ, 1998.
- Новицький В. Імперативи інноваційного розвитку // Економіка України. – 2007. – № 2. – С. 46.
- Скрипник А. В. Інноваційні перспективи України // Фінанси України. – 2008. – № 5. – С. 103–114.
- Щурик М. В. Фінансове забезпечення інноваційного процесу макрорегіону // Фінанси України. – 2008. – № 3. – С. 34–42
- Цихан Т. В. О концепции технологических укладов и приоритетах инновационного развития Украины / Т. В. Циган // Теория и практика управления. – 2005. – № 1. – С. 33–46.
Fig. 3 Scheme of the innovation process
Simple innovative process moves into market in two phases:
• The first – the creation of the innovation;
The first phase – the consequent stages of research, development work, the organization of pilot production and marketing of innovative products.
The first phase include the dissemination of information about a new product through information and communication channels.
At the second stage, the spread of innovations in the new environment and new places of use. As a result of the second phase increases as the number of manufacturers of innovative product and its consumers. The rapid spread of innovation needed infrastructure.
Enhanced inter–institutional innovation process manifests itself in violation of the monopoly of the inventor of the first innovations in education and its new production, promotes competition and improve the quality of the invented product or technology services.
Regarding the structure of the innovation process, it is complex and depends on the specifics of each individual business. As the innovation process is an innovation of the enterprise as a whole, the organization depends on its implementation of the full range of innovative research.
Innovation processes in the enterprise, as well as any other processes that require financial support. The question of funding – the definition of the necessary volumes of funds, their sources and destinations within clearly defined boundaries and the subjects of innovation. It occurs due to the operation of the relevant organizational and economic mechanism.
Financial support of innovative processes based on these common principles:
– A clear target orientation of financial support, ie ensure rapid and effective use of modern innovation;
– Consistency, validity and legal protection techniques and tools that are used at the same time;
– Complexity, ie ability to reach a wide range of technical and technological innovations on the directions of their use;
– Adaptability and flexibility requires a constant focus of financial support to maintain maximum efficiency.
The implementation of the above principles can be successful if the financial mechanism of activation of innovation economic development of the country, that is a set of methods and instruments of the financial impact on the development of innovative processes.
Innovative activity today is costly, due to the high research intensity of innovative products. Even large corporations do not always have enough money to self–finance the creation and implementation of a new product or service. Every company or organization must develop an optimal strategy for funding and timely provision of income funds during the period of their implementation.
The essence of financial security is to allocate a certain amount of financial resources, while establishing their sources of funding for projects, activities, events innovation enterprises.
Innovative planning process involves determining the amount of funds required for the implementation of all kinds of innovation and evaluation capacity of the enterprise to accumulate them in the time frame that match the life cycle of innovation.
Conclusions
Summing up the study of international practice in innovation processes, it is worth noting the very real possibility of certain achievements in domestic practice, the use of IP in economic exchange. It is clear that the development of intellectual property market – the process is complex and lengthy. Thus, the notion of knowledge–based economy is a relatively new even for countries with developed market relations, which preceded the formation of knowledge–based economy difficult and controversial stage in the development of market economy in general. Ukraine still needs to go through a difficult path full of innovation economy, and in this way the international experience can be a useful material for creating your own original model of economic development.
References
- Андросова, Череп; Харів; Покропивний; Балабанова Л.В. Маркетинг: Підручник. – Донецьк, 2002 – С.562
- Економіка та організація інноваційної діяльності: Навч.–метод. посібник для самост. вивч. дисц. / І. А. Павленко, Н. П. Гончарова, Г. О Швиданенко. – К.: КНЕУ, 2002. – 150 с.
- Микитюк П.П. Інноваційний менеджмент: Навчальний посібник. – Тернопіль: Економічна думка, 2006. – 295 с.
- Волков О. І., Денисенко М. П., Гречан А. П. та ін. Економіка та організація інноваційної діяльності : підручник (третє вид.) / О. І. Волков, М. П. Денисенко, А. П. Гречан та ін. – К. : Центр учб. л–ри, 2007. – С. 442–483.
- Едвардес, Уоррен. Ключові фінансові інструменти : пер. з англ. – К. : Всеувито ; Наук. думка, 2003 (Сер. “Усе про менеджмент”). – С. 45–50.
- Инновационный менеджмент / под ред. П. Н. Завлина, А. К. Казанцева, Л. Э. Миндели. – М. : ЦИСТ, 1998.
- Новицький В. Імперативи інноваційного розвитку // Економіка України. – 2007. – № 2. – С. 46.
- Скрипник А. В. Інноваційні перспективи України // Фінанси України. – 2008. – № 5. – С. 103–114.
- Щурик М. В. Фінансове забезпечення інноваційного процесу макрорегіону // Фінанси України. – 2008. – № 3. – С. 34–42
- Цихан Т. В. О концепции технологических укладов и приоритетах инновационного развития Украины / Т. В. Циган // Теория и практика управления. – 2005. – № 1. – С. 33–46.