Abstract
Increase the resource of ground-transport technological machines through monitoring and efficient workflow management
Contents
- Introduction
- 1. Theme urgency
- 2. Review of research and development
- 3. Main section
- Conclusions
- List of sources
Introduction
The vehicle monitoring system based on the gps receiver is used by companies that have their own vehicle fleet to deliver wholesale
or retail goods, equip vehicles with devices that track their movements online thanks to the Glonass system.
The transport monitoring system is a convenient technology that allows you to obtain operational information about the location of one or another
car, its speed, fuel consumption and other indicators. If the vehicle has violated the planned
route, it had a gasoline drain or an accident, the transport monitoring system will allow you to quickly notify you of the accident.
1. Actuality of the theme
In the modern world, technology machines are becoming more sophisticated and, as a consequence, expensive. And without proper operation and
monitoring the performance of the process and the culture of the operation of the machine repairing the machine occurs more often than planned.
As a result, there are downtime because of which the company's profits are lost.
For this purpose, it was suggested to use the complex of control of the state of the vehicle on the basis of telematics systems. And specifically satellite transport monitoring
which, with a well-designed solution, allows you to monitor the status of the vehicle both in real time and allows analysis of data
for the previous period.
2. Literature Review
The article [ 1 ] provides a method for improving the safety and efficiency of operation of transport-technological machines in the northern regions of the Russian Federation. The objective function of optimization of the process of operation of transport-technological machines in extreme climatic conditions is described. Recommendations are offered on the use of diagnostic methods for monitoring changes in technical condition with the aim of predicting and detecting machine failures. It is shown that increasing the safety and efficiency of machine operation, as well as reducing the costs of maintenance and repair directly depend on the timeliness and quality of monitoring changes in their technical condition. In the northern conditions, the relevance of these measures is increased and is caused by the negative influence of low temperatures not only on the nodes and aggregates of machines, but also on human health. The risk of an accident or an accident is minimized with the help of a three-stage system for monitoring changes in the technical condition of the machines. The economic feasibility of this system is explained by the possibility of making adjustments to the technical service strategy, predicting and identifying failures before their onset. The described system of technical control forms the preconditions for the creation of regulations for the replacement of parts that limit reliability for both domestic and foreign machines, as well as the introduction of information and technical support for the operation of machines.
In work [ 2 ] Based on the analysis of failures of transport-technological machines used in the construction and maintenance of roads and railways, the need to optimize the number and frequency of technical services and Repair only those elements of machines that are extremely worn out. Increasing the operational reliability of machines can be achieved through the organization of continuous monitoring of their technical condition and conducting selective maintenance at the request of the main units, units and systems that may be refused during their further operation.
Developed [[ 3 ] The methodology of an individual approach to the feasibility study of the feasibility of using SDM based on the developed mathematical model, at the stage of life cycle of each machine, taking into account its cost , the costs of maintaining and restoring the availability, volume and cost of the work performed, which allows you to determine the payback period, profitable operation, CD and write-off, and also provides an opportunity to estimate the profit received from the machine at these times x.
Based on the developed methodology, the example of the Amkodor 332 loader was used to quantify the total economic effect at the stage of life cycle operation, as well as determine the operating time: the payback, the maximum profit, and decommissioned
and I. The analysis of the research shows that the life cycle operation phase, taking into account the carrying out of the wheel loader by the running, corresponding to the Nopt, in comparison with the traditional approach makes it possible to increase the profit by 2-3 times. The organization of the aggregate method of repairing the hydraulic drive and the machine of the machine as a whole with workings corresponding to the maximum profit increases the life cycle lifetime up to 23-55% with the growth of profit per motor-hour to 65%
In the article [ 4 ] The main methods of organization of processes and systems with continuous tracking of changes in the technical condition of machine elements for enterprises and firms operating technological and transport machines of various types, taking into account the influence of operating conditions, are considered. The necessity of searching for alternatives to traditional methods of maintenance and repair of machines, which has arisen in connection with the changed conditions of management in the field of operation of machines for various purposes, revealed the levels of complexity of the software being developed, a set of tasks for technical operation of machines, and ways to maintain monitoring functions. A preliminary assessment of the economic efficiency of the use of diagnostic monitoring systems in the organization of technical services for technological and transport vehicles was carried out. It is shown that the improvement of methods of controlling the reliability of machines in operation with the development of systems and technology for monitoring the changes in the technical condition of their nodes, aggregates (diagnostic monitoring), which allow increasing the life, to ensure trouble-free operation and improve the technical and operational characteristics of machines, is an urgent problem. The paper [ 5 ] describes how, when organizing the technical service of a TTM, it is necessary to take into account the constant variation of the load with variations over a wide range climatic and local conditions of their operation. The introduction of expensive means of periodic diagnostics of the main units and assemblies in conditions of limited resources of operation and technical service of TTM is inappropriate. In conditions of limited resources, a diagnostic and information subsystem for monitoring the conditions for the use of TTM in the form of one of the technical service subsystems, as well as an individual approach to assessing the change in the technical condition of the machines, depending on the level of rigidity of operating conditions, should be used in order to ensure this requirement in operation.
In work [ 6 ] The issue of monitoring drilling rigs is being considered. Since the introduction of monitoring allows timely detection and elimination of defects, increase the technical readiness of mining machines by an average of 18-25% to exclude unreasonable disassembly work, which allows preserving the technical resource of machine elements (parts). Ensure the full development of the resource. (up to 50% of parts are sent for repair with underutilized resources) to ensure the operation of machines with the optimum regulation, which will reduce the cost of fuel and power
In work [ 7 ] to the monitoring of the technical condition of the automotive amortization devices, allowing them to quickly assess their suitability for further operation due to the misalignment of the vertical vertical acceleration of the accelerator masses
Considered [ 8 ] the possibility of increasing the efficiency of road transport a company engaged in the transport of solid domestic waste (SDW) through the monitoring of vehicles.
3. Main section
Advantages of using the transport monitoring system
Thanks to this technology, the transportation scheme will become much more convenient and more mobile: • The opportunity not only to develop an optimal route along the length and traffic routes, but and, if necessary, adjust it in the process.
• Unplanned stops, deviations from the route, and fuel drains are avoided by unscrupulous drivers. The transport monitoring system will allow you to get all the information at any time whether the cargo is transported without violations or your personnel has decided to deceive you.
• The ability to monitor the technical condition of the car in real time and notify the driver about the need to make an unscheduled authorized stop or the inability to continue moving. Your vehicle will never break on the road, because you can know in advance that certain parts of the machine require service.
• The ability to provide the customer with information about the time of arrival of the goods and the location of the driver at any given moment. Equipment Terminal Galileosky v5.0 This device collects information from sensors connected to it and sends a monitoring system where all data is stored. I stopped on this device, as it is one of the advanced devices and it has a maximum range of capabilities. So
It meets the criteria of the Order of Meath Trans of the Russian Federation No. 285 device GLAASS GLONASS - Global Navigation Satellite System The installed system will solve the following tasks:
- provide monitoring of the vehicle location, in real time ie. continuous on-line control of vehicles using the data of on-board devices installed on the vehicle, with a period of updating information on the position and condition of each unit of transport at least once every 15 seconds. in motion and 180 seconds during parking (with the possibility of changing this period)
- Displaying the location, direction of traffic, vehicle condition, connected optional equipment on the electronic map, determining the status of the vehicle, the operation of special systems and equipment based on the readings sensors.
Creation of control zones for any configuration (polygons, corridors, circles) in a special editor, control of the passage of established zones in a given period of time, control of the start and end of the operation of the vehicle and equipment. each vehicle individually and in aggregate for the enterprise, automatic control of the execution of the route tasks with signaling of their violations, "satellite electronic odometer" - control of the speed and real mileage of the car, control the onboard voltage of the network.
- Generating reports on traffic and vehicle control. Control of misuse of vehicles, deviations from routes of movement of vehicles.
Storage of received information in the database.
Possibility of extended and combined monitoring of parameters transmitted from sensors by creating control rules.
- Laying of optimal routes for transportation transport, the possibility of saving them for further use in controlling the movement of routes.
The mechanism for delineating the access rights of enterprise employees to the functions and databases of the program, providing ix sectional information for each service
-. Automatic generation fuel consumption rates for the selected TA reports for a certain period. The most important features of the proposed terminals are: Cold start time 25 c It allows you to quickly determine the position of the object after switching on the mass Number of analog-digital and frequency-pulse inputs 4 Allows to keep a record of moto and cars hours, control the operation of additional equipment (tower, additional generator, compressor, body lift) Coordinate accuracy, 95% of the time, no worse than 5 m Maximum accuracy of mileage and location account Working range Power supply voltage (V) 9 ... 39 Will not fail in the case of wiring failures t / s The maximum number of cameras that can be connected via RS485 1 If necessary, you can equip as a DVR with data transfer to the server. The maximum number of fuel level sensors that can be connected to RS485 16 In the future, it is possible to equip with fuel level sensors, flow sensors and any devices with a digital protocol. Maximum measured frequency. DAC 4 kHz. The calculation of the operating hours for the rotation frequency of any generator types, (transistor outputs) 2 Possibility to equip the system with emergency light and sound alarms and warnings of emergency situations The presence of an accelerometer yes Control of driving style, investigation of accidents Strong connectors Yes Vibration resistance Weight 150 g, average life 10 years, size 80 x 71 x 28 mm, Operating temperature range -40 ... + 85 C, housing protection IP54 Tire pressure monitoring
Figure 1 - Tire Pressure Monitoring System
The ParkMaster TPMS 6-13 is a system for remote sensing of pressure and temperature in the tires of a car. The system TPMS 6-13 is designed for installation on a truck and has a memory function. You can view information about the last 10 system warnings. Technical specifications TPMaster TPMS 6-13:
• large informative display
• monitoring of tire pressure and temperature in real time
• possibility of monitoring up to 38 wheels
• sound and visual warning of critical wheel parameters
• automatic recording of the last 10 critical indications • data transfer protocol via RS-232 interface
Dallas temperature sensor 18b20
Figure 2 - The Dallas temperature sensor 18b20
Sensor m It is possible to supply voltage from 3 to 5,5V
The sensor can measure the temperature from -55 to 125 ° C
The sensor has a digital resolution of 9 to 12
bit
Measurement accuracy +/- 0,5 ° C in the range from -10 to 85 ° C
Measurement accuracy: +/- 2 ° C for the range from -55 to 125 ° C
Drift measurement + / - 0,2 ° C
Uses the 1-Wire protocol for data transfer DUT - Fuel level sensor
Figure 3 - Fuel level sensor Omnicomm
Figure 4 - Technical specifications
Figure 5 - Technical characteristics
Carries out fuel monitoring.
Functions: Control of fuel fillings and drains. Fixing the underflows at gas stations also helps to determine how high-quality fuel has been filled, which affects the flow rate and the working parts of the engine. Allows you to monitor fuel consumption while performing technological operations. Fuel data is the first parameter when taking into account the quality of vehicle management by the driver and the execution of technological processes. All of the above is possible only if the tank is correctly tuned, installed and calibrated The operation principle of the DUT is based on the principle of capacity operation. Inside the measuring tube is a second tube. When filling the space between them with fuel, the capacitance of the sensor changes, which leads to a change in the resistance of the device and a change in the output voltage (analog operating mode), frequency (frequency operation mode). The electronic part of the sensor calculates the output voltage, and also produces a temperature correction of the output voltage. Temperature correction allows the use of the RTD at any time of year without additional hardware settings. In winter, in the cold, the fuel is compressed, like any substance, in summer, in the heat, it expands. To compensate for these effects and uses a temperature correction. The design of the tube made of a special patented material makes it possible to minimize measurement errors due to the presence of paraffin and water in the fuel.
The sensor uses a wired connection to the terminal via the RS485 digital interface. The terminal reads the fuel level code and temperature and sends to the server in a "raw", software form. And already directly in the software is introduced a tint table, on the basis of which the software with the help of "raw data" calculates the fuel in liters and displays it on the screen
Figure 6 - Display in the monitoring software
From the accuracy of taring The fuel gauge depends on the sensor readings described above. Therefore, this process should be taken responsibly. Calibrate the sensor better to trust a professional, because they will not allow shortcomings when installing the equipment. After mounting the sensor in the body of the gas tank, the calibration process begins. For this device, it is made with the help of a personal computer and a special set of settings (programming device and specialized data cables). Thanks to the use of computer technology, the adjustment is faster and more accurate. On the PC screen you can see the calibration table.
Data Analysis
The purpose of the whole system is data analysis obtained from a complex of sensors. In most enterprises, the fuel is written off based on the odometer reading or the hour meter and the fuel consumed. But fuel is measured in the best case by a ruler, and in the widespread variant an ordinary wooden stick, it is good even if it with marks. Thanks to fuel control, fuel is counted continuously and there are no shortages of fuel. But this is the position on the part of the Accounting Department. Constantly analyzing the car's consumption, we can diagnose engine failures by several indicators. For example, the temperature of the return fuel.
Graph 1 - Graph of fuel temperature
We can observe a high temperature, which can mean a malfunction of the engine, which leads to an increase in consumption.
We can observe the manner and skill of the driver according to the following graph
Graph 2 - Graph of fuel consumption versus speed
If the graph looks like it is now with quite nice transitions, then the driver correctly exposes the vehicle and observes the economical mode. If the graph was more conical it would say that the driver of the vehicle needs to learn a little about driving.
Conclusions
The control of the fuel of the vehicle in motion or during the execution of technological operations gives quite extensive information about the quality, efficiency and economy of the machine.
When writing this essay, the master's work is not yet completed. Final completion: December 2011. The full text of the work and materials on the topic can be obtained from the author or his supervisor after the specified date.
Source list
- Journal: INTELLIGENCE. INNOVATION. INVESTMENTS Publisher: Orenburg State University (Orenburg) ISSN: 2077-7175
Journal: Bulletin of the Irkutsk State Technical University
3"> Increasing the efficiency of operation of construction and road machinery, taking into account the change in their technical condition, Kutuzov, Victor Vladimirov
- Hopcroft D. Introduction to the theory of automata, languages and computations / D. Hopcroft, R. Motvani, D. Ullman. - M .: Publishing house & Williams, 2002. - 528 p.
- Ito M. Algebraic theory of automata and languages / M. Ito. - World Scientific Publishing, 2004. - 199 pp.
- Ostrenco AG Determination of the residual life of car shock absorbers by monitoring their technical condition // Innovative Science. 2015. № 8-2. URL: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/opredelenie-ostatochnogo-resursa-amortizatorov-avtomobilya-putyom-monitoringa-ih-tehnicheskogo-sostoyaniya (date of circulation: 01/16/2018).
- Luneva Svetlana Kurusovna Tasks of monitoring the process of transportation of solid domestic wastes // TTPS. 2013. № 2 (24). URL: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/zadachi-monitoringa-protsessa-perevozki-tverdyh-bytovyh-othodov (date of circulation: 12.12.2017).
- Introduction
- 1. Theme urgency
- 2. Review of research and development
- 3. Main section
- Conclusions
- List of sources
Introduction
The vehicle monitoring system based on the gps receiver is used by companies that have their own vehicle fleet to deliver wholesale or retail goods, equip vehicles with devices that track their movements online thanks to the Glonass system. The transport monitoring system is a convenient technology that allows you to obtain operational information about the location of one or another car, its speed, fuel consumption and other indicators. If the vehicle has violated the planned route, it had a gasoline drain or an accident, the transport monitoring system will allow you to quickly notify you of the accident.
1. Actuality of the theme
In the modern world, technology machines are becoming more sophisticated and, as a consequence, expensive. And without proper operation and monitoring the performance of the process and the culture of the operation of the machine repairing the machine occurs more often than planned. As a result, there are downtime because of which the company's profits are lost.
For this purpose, it was suggested to use the complex of control of the state of the vehicle on the basis of telematics systems. And specifically satellite transport monitoring which, with a well-designed solution, allows you to monitor the status of the vehicle both in real time and allows analysis of data for the previous period.
2. Literature Review
The article [ 1 ] provides a method for improving the safety and efficiency of operation of transport-technological machines in the northern regions of the Russian Federation. The objective function of optimization of the process of operation of transport-technological machines in extreme climatic conditions is described. Recommendations are offered on the use of diagnostic methods for monitoring changes in technical condition with the aim of predicting and detecting machine failures. It is shown that increasing the safety and efficiency of machine operation, as well as reducing the costs of maintenance and repair directly depend on the timeliness and quality of monitoring changes in their technical condition. In the northern conditions, the relevance of these measures is increased and is caused by the negative influence of low temperatures not only on the nodes and aggregates of machines, but also on human health. The risk of an accident or an accident is minimized with the help of a three-stage system for monitoring changes in the technical condition of the machines. The economic feasibility of this system is explained by the possibility of making adjustments to the technical service strategy, predicting and identifying failures before their onset. The described system of technical control forms the preconditions for the creation of regulations for the replacement of parts that limit reliability for both domestic and foreign machines, as well as the introduction of information and technical support for the operation of machines.
In work [ 2 ] Based on the analysis of failures of transport-technological machines used in the construction and maintenance of roads and railways, the need to optimize the number and frequency of technical services and Repair only those elements of machines that are extremely worn out. Increasing the operational reliability of machines can be achieved through the organization of continuous monitoring of their technical condition and conducting selective maintenance at the request of the main units, units and systems that may be refused during their further operation.
Developed [[ 3 ] The methodology of an individual approach to the feasibility study of the feasibility of using SDM based on the developed mathematical model, at the stage of life cycle of each machine, taking into account its cost , the costs of maintaining and restoring the availability, volume and cost of the work performed, which allows you to determine the payback period, profitable operation, CD and write-off, and also provides an opportunity to estimate the profit received from the machine at these times x. Based on the developed methodology, the example of the Amkodor 332 loader was used to quantify the total economic effect at the stage of life cycle operation, as well as determine the operating time: the payback, the maximum profit, and decommissioned and I. The analysis of the research shows that the life cycle operation phase, taking into account the carrying out of the wheel loader by the running, corresponding to the Nopt, in comparison with the traditional approach makes it possible to increase the profit by 2-3 times. The organization of the aggregate method of repairing the hydraulic drive and the machine of the machine as a whole with workings corresponding to the maximum profit increases the life cycle lifetime up to 23-55% with the growth of profit per motor-hour to 65%
In the article [ 4 ] The main methods of organization of processes and systems with continuous tracking of changes in the technical condition of machine elements for enterprises and firms operating technological and transport machines of various types, taking into account the influence of operating conditions, are considered. The necessity of searching for alternatives to traditional methods of maintenance and repair of machines, which has arisen in connection with the changed conditions of management in the field of operation of machines for various purposes, revealed the levels of complexity of the software being developed, a set of tasks for technical operation of machines, and ways to maintain monitoring functions. A preliminary assessment of the economic efficiency of the use of diagnostic monitoring systems in the organization of technical services for technological and transport vehicles was carried out. It is shown that the improvement of methods of controlling the reliability of machines in operation with the development of systems and technology for monitoring the changes in the technical condition of their nodes, aggregates (diagnostic monitoring), which allow increasing the life, to ensure trouble-free operation and improve the technical and operational characteristics of machines, is an urgent problem. The paper [ 5 ] describes how, when organizing the technical service of a TTM, it is necessary to take into account the constant variation of the load with variations over a wide range climatic and local conditions of their operation. The introduction of expensive means of periodic diagnostics of the main units and assemblies in conditions of limited resources of operation and technical service of TTM is inappropriate. In conditions of limited resources, a diagnostic and information subsystem for monitoring the conditions for the use of TTM in the form of one of the technical service subsystems, as well as an individual approach to assessing the change in the technical condition of the machines, depending on the level of rigidity of operating conditions, should be used in order to ensure this requirement in operation.
In work [ 6 ] The issue of monitoring drilling rigs is being considered. Since the introduction of monitoring allows timely detection and elimination of defects, increase the technical readiness of mining machines by an average of 18-25% to exclude unreasonable disassembly work, which allows preserving the technical resource of machine elements (parts). Ensure the full development of the resource. (up to 50% of parts are sent for repair with underutilized resources) to ensure the operation of machines with the optimum regulation, which will reduce the cost of fuel and power
In work [ 7 ] to the monitoring of the technical condition of the automotive amortization devices, allowing them to quickly assess their suitability for further operation due to the misalignment of the vertical vertical acceleration of the accelerator masses
Considered [ 8 ] the possibility of increasing the efficiency of road transport a company engaged in the transport of solid domestic waste (SDW) through the monitoring of vehicles.
3. Main section
Advantages of using the transport monitoring system
Thanks to this technology, the transportation scheme will become much more convenient and more mobile: • The opportunity not only to develop an optimal route along the length and traffic routes, but and, if necessary, adjust it in the process.
• Unplanned stops, deviations from the route, and fuel drains are avoided by unscrupulous drivers. The transport monitoring system will allow you to get all the information at any time whether the cargo is transported without violations or your personnel has decided to deceive you.
• The ability to monitor the technical condition of the car in real time and notify the driver about the need to make an unscheduled authorized stop or the inability to continue moving. Your vehicle will never break on the road, because you can know in advance that certain parts of the machine require service.
• The ability to provide the customer with information about the time of arrival of the goods and the location of the driver at any given moment. Equipment Terminal Galileosky v5.0 This device collects information from sensors connected to it and sends a monitoring system where all data is stored. I stopped on this device, as it is one of the advanced devices and it has a maximum range of capabilities. So It meets the criteria of the Order of Meath Trans of the Russian Federation No. 285 device GLAASS GLONASS - Global Navigation Satellite System The installed system will solve the following tasks:
- provide monitoring of the vehicle location, in real time ie. continuous on-line control of vehicles using the data of on-board devices installed on the vehicle, with a period of updating information on the position and condition of each unit of transport at least once every 15 seconds. in motion and 180 seconds during parking (with the possibility of changing this period)
- Displaying the location, direction of traffic, vehicle condition, connected optional equipment on the electronic map, determining the status of the vehicle, the operation of special systems and equipment based on the readings sensors.
Creation of control zones for any configuration (polygons, corridors, circles) in a special editor, control of the passage of established zones in a given period of time, control of the start and end of the operation of the vehicle and equipment. each vehicle individually and in aggregate for the enterprise, automatic control of the execution of the route tasks with signaling of their violations, "satellite electronic odometer" - control of the speed and real mileage of the car, control the onboard voltage of the network.
- Generating reports on traffic and vehicle control. Control of misuse of vehicles, deviations from routes of movement of vehicles.
Storage of received information in the database.
Possibility of extended and combined monitoring of parameters transmitted from sensors by creating control rules.
- Laying of optimal routes for transportation transport, the possibility of saving them for further use in controlling the movement of routes.
The mechanism for delineating the access rights of enterprise employees to the functions and databases of the program, providing ix sectional information for each service
-. Automatic generation fuel consumption rates for the selected TA reports for a certain period. The most important features of the proposed terminals are: Cold start time 25 c It allows you to quickly determine the position of the object after switching on the mass Number of analog-digital and frequency-pulse inputs 4 Allows to keep a record of moto and cars hours, control the operation of additional equipment (tower, additional generator, compressor, body lift) Coordinate accuracy, 95% of the time, no worse than 5 m Maximum accuracy of mileage and location account Working range Power supply voltage (V) 9 ... 39 Will not fail in the case of wiring failures t / s The maximum number of cameras that can be connected via RS485 1 If necessary, you can equip as a DVR with data transfer to the server. The maximum number of fuel level sensors that can be connected to RS485 16 In the future, it is possible to equip with fuel level sensors, flow sensors and any devices with a digital protocol. Maximum measured frequency. DAC 4 kHz. The calculation of the operating hours for the rotation frequency of any generator types, (transistor outputs) 2 Possibility to equip the system with emergency light and sound alarms and warnings of emergency situations The presence of an accelerometer yes Control of driving style, investigation of accidents Strong connectors Yes Vibration resistance Weight 150 g, average life 10 years, size 80 x 71 x 28 mm, Operating temperature range -40 ... + 85 C, housing protection IP54Tire pressure monitoring
Figure 1 - Tire Pressure Monitoring System
The ParkMaster TPMS 6-13 is a system for remote sensing of pressure and temperature in the tires of a car. The system TPMS 6-13 is designed for installation on a truck and has a memory function. You can view information about the last 10 system warnings. Technical specifications TPMaster TPMS 6-13:
• large informative display
• monitoring of tire pressure and temperature in real time
• possibility of monitoring up to 38 wheels
• sound and visual warning of critical wheel parameters
• automatic recording of the last 10 critical indications • data transfer protocol via RS-232 interfaceDallas temperature sensor 18b20
Figure 2 - The Dallas temperature sensor 18b20
Sensor m It is possible to supply voltage from 3 to 5,5V
The sensor can measure the temperature from -55 to 125 ° C
The sensor has a digital resolution of 9 to 12 bit
Measurement accuracy +/- 0,5 ° C in the range from -10 to 85 ° C
Measurement accuracy: +/- 2 ° C for the range from -55 to 125 ° C
Drift measurement + / - 0,2 ° C
Uses the 1-Wire protocol for data transferDUT - Fuel level sensor
Figure 3 - Fuel level sensor
Omnicomm
Figure 4 - Technical specifications
Figure 5 - Technical characteristics
Carries out fuel monitoring.
Functions: Control of fuel fillings and drains. Fixing the underflows at gas stations also helps to determine how high-quality fuel has been filled, which affects the flow rate and the working parts of the engine. Allows you to monitor fuel consumption while performing technological operations. Fuel data is the first parameter when taking into account the quality of vehicle management by the driver and the execution of technological processes. All of the above is possible only if the tank is correctly tuned, installed and calibratedThe operation principle of the DUT is based on the principle of capacity operation. Inside the measuring tube is a second tube. When filling the space between them with fuel, the capacitance of the sensor changes, which leads to a change in the resistance of the device and a change in the output voltage (analog operating mode), frequency (frequency operation mode). The electronic part of the sensor calculates the output voltage, and also produces a temperature correction of the output voltage. Temperature correction allows the use of the RTD at any time of year without additional hardware settings. In winter, in the cold, the fuel is compressed, like any substance, in summer, in the heat, it expands. To compensate for these effects and uses a temperature correction. The design of the tube made of a special patented material makes it possible to minimize measurement errors due to the presence of paraffin and water in the fuel.
The sensor uses a wired connection to the terminal via the RS485 digital interface. The terminal reads the fuel level code and temperature and sends to the server in a "raw", software form. And already directly in the software is introduced a tint table, on the basis of which the software with the help of "raw data" calculates the fuel in liters and displays it on the screen
Figure 6 - Display in the monitoring software
From the accuracy of taring The fuel gauge depends on the sensor readings described above. Therefore, this process should be taken responsibly. Calibrate the sensor better to trust a professional, because they will not allow shortcomings when installing the equipment. After mounting the sensor in the body of the gas tank, the calibration process begins. For this device, it is made with the help of a personal computer and a special set of settings (programming device and specialized data cables). Thanks to the use of computer technology, the adjustment is faster and more accurate. On the PC screen you can see the calibration table.
Data Analysis
The purpose of the whole system is data analysis obtained from a complex of sensors. In most enterprises, the fuel is written off based on the odometer reading or the hour meter and the fuel consumed. But fuel is measured in the best case by a ruler, and in the widespread variant an ordinary wooden stick, it is good even if it with marks. Thanks to fuel control, fuel is counted continuously and there are no shortages of fuel. But this is the position on the part of the Accounting Department. Constantly analyzing the car's consumption, we can diagnose engine failures by several indicators. For example, the temperature of the return fuel.
Graph 1 - Graph of fuel temperature
We can observe a high temperature, which can mean a malfunction of the engine, which leads to an increase in consumption.
We can observe the manner and skill of the driver according to the following graph
Graph 2 - Graph of fuel consumption versus speed
If the graph looks like it is now with quite nice transitions, then the driver correctly exposes the vehicle and observes the economical mode. If the graph was more conical it would say that the driver of the vehicle needs to learn a little about driving.
Conclusions
The control of the fuel of the vehicle in motion or during the execution of technological operations gives quite extensive information about the quality, efficiency and economy of the machine.
When writing this essay, the master's work is not yet completed. Final completion: December 2011. The full text of the work and materials on the topic can be obtained from the author or his supervisor after the specified date.
Source list
- Journal: INTELLIGENCE. INNOVATION. INVESTMENTS Publisher: Orenburg State University (Orenburg) ISSN: 2077-7175 Journal: Bulletin of the Irkutsk State Technical University 3"> Increasing the efficiency of operation of construction and road machinery, taking into account the change in their technical condition, Kutuzov, Victor Vladimirov
- Hopcroft D. Introduction to the theory of automata, languages and computations / D. Hopcroft, R. Motvani, D. Ullman. - M .: Publishing house & Williams, 2002. - 528 p.
- Ito M. Algebraic theory of automata and languages / M. Ito. - World Scientific Publishing, 2004. - 199 pp.
- Ostrenco AG Determination of the residual life of car shock absorbers by monitoring their technical condition // Innovative Science. 2015. № 8-2. URL: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/opredelenie-ostatochnogo-resursa-amortizatorov-avtomobilya-putyom-monitoringa-ih-tehnicheskogo-sostoyaniya (date of circulation: 01/16/2018).
- Luneva Svetlana Kurusovna Tasks of monitoring the process of transportation of solid domestic wastes // TTPS. 2013. № 2 (24). URL: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/zadachi-monitoringa-protsessa-perevozki-tverdyh-bytovyh-othodov (date of circulation: 12.12.2017).